clang, clang++, gcc, g++: standardize English page and Indonesian translation (#13751)

* clang, clang++, gcc, g++: standardize English page and add Indonesian translation

This commit adds the short and long-form parameters, enforce imperative mood, and standardizes the contents between `clang` and `gcc` as well as `clang++` and `g++`.

* clang++: Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Sebastiaan Speck <12570668+sebastiaanspeck@users.noreply.github.com>

* clang++: fix URL

* clang, clang++, gcc, g++: fix translation inconsistencies

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Sebastiaan Speck <12570668+sebastiaanspeck@users.noreply.github.com>

* Update pages/common/gcc.md

* Update pages.id/common/clang++.md

* Update pages.id/common/clang++.md

* clang++, g++: fix file extension

---------

Co-authored-by: Sebastiaan Speck <12570668+sebastiaanspeck@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Sebastiaan Speck <shem.speck@gmail.com>

pages/common/clang++.md

@@ -4,26 +4,34 @@
 > Part of LLVM.
 > More information: <https://clang.llvm.org>.
 
-- Compile a source code file into an executable binary:
+- Compile a set of source code files into an executable binary:
 
-`clang++ {{path/to/source.cpp}} -o {{path/to/output_executable}}`
+`clang++ {{path/to/source1.cpp path/to/source2.cpp ...}} {{-o|--output}} {{path/to/output_executable}}`
 
-- Display (almost) all errors and warnings:
+- Activate output of all errors and warnings:
 
-`clang++ {{path/to/source.cpp}} -Wall -o {{path/to/output_executable}}`
+`clang++ {{path/to/source.cpp}} -Wall {{-o|--output}} {{output_executable}}`
 
-- Choose a language standard to compile with:
+- Show common warnings, debug symbols in output, and optimize without affecting debugging:
 
-`clang++ {{path/to/source.cpp}} -std={{c++20}} -o {{path/to/output_executable}}`
+`clang++ {{path/to/source.cpp}} -Wall {{-g|--debug}} -Og {{-o|--output}} {{path/to/output_executable}}`
+
+- Choose a language standard to compile for:
+
+`clang++ {{path/to/source.cpp}} -std={{c++20}} {{-o|--output}} {{path/to/output_executable}}`
 
 - Include libraries located at a different path than the source file:
 
-`clang++ {{path/to/source.cpp}} -o {{path/to/output_executable}} -I{{path/to/header_path}} -L{{path/to/library_path}} -l{{path/to/library_name}}`
+`clang++ {{path/to/source.cpp}} {{-o|--output}} {{path/to/output_executable}} -I{{path/to/header_path}} -L{{path/to/library_path}} -l{{path/to/library_name}}`
 
 - Compile source code into LLVM Intermediate Representation (IR):
 
-`clang++ -S -emit-llvm {{path/to/source.cpp}} -o {{path/to/output.ll}}`
+`clang++ {{-S|--assemble}} -emit-llvm {{path/to/source.cpp}} {{-o|--output}} {{path/to/output.ll}}`
 
 - Optimize the compiled program for performance:
 
-`clang++ {{path/to/source.cpp}} -O{{1|2|3|fast}} -o {{path/to/output_executable}}`
+`clang++ {{path/to/source.cpp}} -O{{1|2|3|fast}} {{-o|--output}} {{path/to/output_executable}}`
+
+- Display version:
+
+`clang++ --version`