Move pages back into a "pages" folder

pages/common/alias.md

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+# alias
+
+> Creates an alias for a word when used 
+> as the first word of a command
+
+- creating a generic alias
+
+`alias {{word}}="{{command}}"`
+
+- remove an aliased command
+
+`unalias {{word}}`
+
+- full list of aliased words
+
+`alias -p`
+
+- turning rm an interative command
+
+`alias {{rm}}="{{rm -i}}"`
+
+- overriding la as ls -a
+
+`alias {{la}}="{{ls -a}}"`

pages/common/cal.md

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+# cal
+
+> Prints calendar information
+
+- Display a calendar for the current month or specified month
+
+`cal`
+`cal -m {{12}}`
+`cal -m {{Dec}}`
+
+- Display a calendar for the current year or a specified year
+
+`cal -y`
+`cal 2013`
+
+- Display date of Easter (western churches)
+
+`ncal -e`
+`ncal -e 2013`

pages/common/chown.md

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+# chown
+
+> Change the owning user/group of the specified files
+
+- change the user of a file
+
+`chown {{user}} {{path/to/file}}`
+
+- change the user and group of a file
+ 
+`chown {{user}}:{{group}} {{path/to/file}}`
+
+- recursively change the owner of an entire folder
+
+`chown -R {{user}} {{path/to/folder}}`
+
+- change the owner of a symbolic link
+ 
+`chown -h {{user}} {{path/to/symlink}}`

pages/common/cksum.md

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+# cksum
+
+> Calculates CRC checksums and byte counts of a file
+> Note, on old UNIX systems the CRC implementation may differ. 
+
+- Display a 32 bit checksum, size in bytes and filename
+
+`chksum {{filename}}`

pages/common/cp.md

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+# cp
+
+> Copy files
+
+- Copy files in arbitrary locations
+
+`cp {{/path/to/original}} {{/path/to/copy}}`
+
+- Copy a file to a parent directory
+
+`cp {{/path/to/original}} ../{{/path/to/copy}}`
+
+- Copy directories recursive using the option -r. Optionally showing files as they are copied.
+
+`cp -r {{/path/to/original}} {{/path/to/copy}}`
+`cp -vr {{/path/to/original}} {{/path/to/copy}}`
+
+- Make a copy of a file adding and extension or changing an extension  
+
+`cp {{file.html}}\{,.backup\}`
+`cp file.\{html,backup\}`

pages/common/curl.md

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+# curl
+
+> Transfers data from or to a server
+> Supports most protocols including HTTP, FTP, POP
+
+- Download a URL to a file
+
+`curl "{{URL}}" -o filename` 
+
+- send form-encoded data
+
+`curl --data {{name=bob}} {{http://localhost/form}}`
+
+- send JSON data
+
+`curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d {{'{"name":"bob"}'}} {{http://localhost/login}}`
+
+- specify an HTTP method
+
+`curl -X {{DELETE}} {{http://localhost/item/123}}`
+
+- head request
+
+`curl --head {{http://localhost}}`

pages/common/date.md

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+# date
+
+> Set or display the system date
+
+- Display the date using the default locale
+
+`date +"%c"`
+
+- Display the date using a custom format
+
+`date +"%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S"`
+

pages/common/df.md

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+# df
+
+> gives an overview of the file system disk space usage
+
+- display all file systems and their disk usage
+
+`df`
+
+- display all file systems and their disk usage in human readable form
+
+`df -h`
+

pages/common/diff.md

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+# diff
+
+> Compare files and directories
+
+- Compare files
+
+`diff {{file1}} {{file2}}`
+
+- Compare files, ignoring white spaces
+
+`diff -w {{file1}} {{file2}}`
+
+- Compare files, showing differences side by side
+
+`diff -y {{file1}} {{file2}}`
+
+- Compare directories recursively
+
+`diff -r {{directory1}} {{directory2}}`
+
+- Compare directories, only showing the names of files that differ 
+
+`diff -rq {{directory1}} {{directory2}}`

pages/common/dig.md

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+# dig
+
+> DNS Lookup utility
+
+- Lookup the IP(s) associated with a hostname (A records)
+
+`dig +short {{hostname.com}}`
+
+- Lookup the mail server associated with a given domain name (MX record)
+
+`dig +short {{hostname.com}} MX`
+
+- Specify an alternate DNS server to query (8.8.8.8 is google's public DNS)
+
+`dig @8.8.8.8 {{hostname.com}}`

pages/common/electrum.md

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+# electrum
+
+> Ergonomic Bitcoin wallet and private key management
+
+- Create a new wallet
+
+`electrum -w {{new-wallet.dat}} create`
+
+- Restore an existing wallet from seed offline
+
+`electrum -w {{recovery-wallet.dat}} restore -o`
+
+- Create a signed transaction offline
+
+`electrum mktx {{recipient}} {{amount}} -f 0.0000001 -F {{from}} -o`
+
+- Display all wallet receiving addresses
+
+`electrum listaddresses -a`
+
+- Sign a message
+
+`electrum signmessage {{address}} {{message}}`
+
+- Verify a message
+
+`electrum verifymessage {{address}} {{signature}} {{message}}`
+
+- Connect only to a specific electrum-server instance
+
+`electrum -p socks5:{{127.0.0.1}}:9050 -s {{56ckl5obj37gypcu.onion}}:50001:t -1`

pages/common/find.md

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+# find
+
+> Find files under the given directory tree, recursively
+
+- find files by extension
+
+`find {{root_path}} -name {{'*.py'}}`
+
+- run a command for each file
+- use {} within the command to access the filename
+
+`find {{root_path}} -name {{'*.py'}} -exec {{wc -l {} }}\;`
+`find {{root_path}} -name {{'*.py'}} -exec {{rm {} }}\;`
+
+- find files modified since a certain time
+
+`find {{root_path}} -name {{'*.py'}} -mtime {{-1d}}`
+
+- find files using case insensitive name matching, of a certain size
+
+`find {{root_path}} -size +500k -size -10MB -iname {{'*.TaR.gZ'}}`

pages/common/gem.md

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+#gem
+
+> Interact with the package manager for the Ruby programming language.
+
+- Install latest version of a gem
+
+`gem install {{gemname}}`
+
+- Install specific version of a gem
+
+`gem install -v={{0.0.15}}`
+
+- Update a gem
+
+`gem update {{gemname}}`
+
+- List all gems
+
+`gem list`
+
+- Uninstall a gem
+
+`gem uninstall {{gemname}}`

pages/common/gifsicle.md

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+# gifsicle
+
+> Create gifs
+
+- Making a GIF animation with gifsicle
+
+`gifsicle --delay={{10}} --loop *.gif > {{anim.gif}}`
+
+- Extracting frames from an animation
+
+`gifsicle {{anim.gif}} '#0' > {{firstframe.gif}}`
+
+- You can also edit animations by replacing, deleting, or inserting frames
+
+`gifsicle -b {{anim.gif}} --replace '#0' {{new.gif}}`

pages/common/git-stash.md

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+# git stash
+
+> Stash local Git changes in a temporary area
+
+- stash current changes (except new files)
+
+`git stash {{optional_stash_name}}`
+
+- include new files in the stash (leaves the index completely clean)
+
+`git stash -u {{optional_stash_name}}`
+
+- list all stashes
+
+`git stash list`
+
+- re-apply the latest stash
+
+`git stash pop`
+
+- re-apply a stash by name
+
+`git stash apply {{stash_name}}`

pages/common/git.md

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+#git
+
+> Main command for all `git` commands
+
+- Create a new local repository
+
+`git init`
+
+- Show changed files which are not yet added for commit
+
+`git status`
+
+- Show changes to tracked files
+
+`git diff`
+
+- Add all current changes to the next commit
+
+`git add .`
+
+- Commit staged files to the repository with comment
+
+`git commit -am "Commit message"`
+
+- Replace the last commit with currently staged changes
+
+`git commit --amend`
+
+- Show all commits
+
+`git log`
+
+- Clone an existing repository
+
+`git clone {{remote-repository-location}}`
+
+- List all existing branches
+
+`git branch`
+
+- Create new branch based on current branch
+
+`git branch {{new-branch}}`
+
+- Switch to another branch
+
+`git checkout {{another-branch}}`
+
+- Delete a local branch
+
+`git branch -d {{branch-name}}`
+
+- Download repository from remote location and merge with current local branch
+
+`git pull {{remote-repository}} {{local-branch}}`
+
+- Publish local changes on a remote location
+
+`git push {{remote-repository}} {{local-branch}}`
+
+- Merge a branch with your current HEAD branch
+
+`git merge {{branch-name}}`
+
+- Calling help
+
+`git --help`

pages/common/grep.md

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+# grep
+
+> Matches patterns in input text
+> Supports simple patterns and regular expressions
+
+- search for an exact string
+ 
+`grep {{something}} {{file_path}}`
+
+- search recursively in current directory for an exact string
+
+`grep -r {{something}} .`
+
+- use a regex
+
+`grep -e {{^regex$}} {{file_path}}`
+
+- see 3 lines of context
+
+`grep -C 3 {{something}} {{file_path}}`
+
+- print the count of matches instead of the matching text 
+
+`grep -c {{something}} {{file_path}}`
+
+- use the standard input instead of a file
+
+`cat {{file_path}} | grep {{something}}`

pages/common/gzip.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# gzip
+
+> Compress/uncompress files with gzip compression (LZ77)   
+
+- compress a file, replacing it with a gzipped compressed version
+
+`gzip {{file.ext}}`
+
+- decompress a file, replacing it with the original uncomrpessed version
+
+`gzip -d {{file.ext.gz}}`
+
+- compress a file specifying the output filename
+
+`gzip -c {{file.ext}} > compressed-file.ext.gz`
+
+- uncompress a gzipped file specifying the output filename
+
+`gzip -c -d {{file.ext.gz}} > uncompressed-file.ext`
+
+- specify the compression level. 1=Fastest (Worst), 9=Slowest (Best), Default level is 6
+
+`gzip -9 -c {{file.ext}} > compressed-file.ext.gz`

pages/common/kill.md

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+# kill
+
+> Sends a signal to a process
+> Mostly used for stopping processes
+
+- kill the process
+
+`kill {{process_id}}`
+
+- list signal names
+
+`kill -l`

pages/common/less.md

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# less
+
+> Opens a file for reading
+> Allows movement and search
+> Doesn't read the entire file (suitable for logs)
+
+- open a file
+
+`less {{source_file}}`
+
+- page up / down
+
+`d (next), D (previous)`
+
+- go to start / end of file
+
+`g (start), G (end)`
+
+- search for a string
+
+`/{{something}}   then   n (next), N (previous)`
+
+- exit
+
+`q`

pages/common/ln.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# ln
+
+> Creates links to files and folders
+
+- create a symbolic link to a file or folder
+
+`ln -s {{path/to/original/file}} {{path/to/link}}`
+
+- create a hard link to a file or folder
+
+`ln {{path/to/original/file}} {{path/to/link}}`

pages/common/ls.md

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+# ls
+
+> List directory contents
+
+- List all files, even hidden
+
+`ls -a`
+
+- List all file names (no extra info)
+
+`ls -A1`
+
+- List all files with their rights, groups, owner
+
+`ls -ls`
+
+- List all files with a prefix/suffix
+
+`ls {{prefix}}*`
+`ls *{{suffix}}`
+
+- Sort the results size
+
+`ls -s   # by size`
+`ls -t   # by last modified date`
+`ls -U   # by creation date`
+
+- Reverse the order of the results
+
+`ls -r`

pages/common/lsof.md

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+# lsof
+
+> Lists open files and the corresponding processes
+
+- find the processes that have a given file open
+
+`lsof {{/path/to/file}}`
+
+- find the process that opened a local internet port
+
+`lsof -i :{{8080}}`
+
+- only output the process PID (e.g. to pipe into kill)
+
+`lsof -t {{/path/to/file}} | xargs kill -9`

pages/common/man.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# man
+
+> Format and display manual pages
+
+- Display man page for a command
+
+`man {{command}}`
+
+- Display path searched for manpages
+
+`man --path`
+
+- Display location of a manpage rather than the manpage itself
+
+`man -w {{command}}`
+
+- Do a keyword search for manpages containing a search string
+
+`man -k {{keyword}}`

pages/common/mkdir.md

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+# mkdir
+
+> Creates a directory
+
+- creates a directory in current folder or given path
+
+`mkdir {{directory}}`
+
+- creates directories recursively (useful for creating nested dirs)
+
+`mkdir -p {{path}}`

pages/common/mount.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# mount
+
+> Provides access to an entire filesystem in one directory.
+
+- Show all mounted filesystems
+
+`mount`
+
+- Mount a device
+
+`mount -t {{filesystem_type}} {{path_to_device_file}} {{directory_to_mount_to}}`
+
+- Mount a CD-ROM device (with the filetype ISO9660) to /cdrom (readonly)
+
+`mount -t {{iso9660}} -o ro {{/dev/cdrom}} {{/cdrom}}`
+
+- Mount all the filesystem defined in /etc/fstab
+
+`mount -a`
+
+- Mount a specific filesystem described in /etc/fstab (e.g. "/dev/sda1 /my_drive ext2 defaults 0 2")
+
+`mount {{/my_drive}}`

pages/common/mv.md

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+# mv
+
+> Move or rename files and directories
+
+- Move files in abitrary locations
+
+`mv {{source}} {{target}}`
+
+- Do not prompt for confirmation before overwriting existing files
+
+`mv -f {{source}} {{target}}`
+
+- Do not prompt for confirmation before overwriting existing files but write to standard error before overriding
+
+`mv -fi {{source}} {{target}}`
+
+- Move files in verbose mode, showing files after they are moved
+
+`mv -v {{source}} {{target}}`

pages/common/nc.md

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+# nc
+
+> reads and writes tcp or udp data
+
+- listen on a specified port
+
+`nc  -l {{port}}`
+
+- connect to a certain port (you can then write to this port)
+
+`nc {{ip_address}} {{port}}`
+
+- set a timeout 
+
+`nc -w {{timeout_in_seconds}} {{ipaddress}} {{port}}`
+
+- serve a file
+
+`cat somefile.txt | nc -l {{port}}`
+
+- receive a file
+
+`nc {{ip_address}} {{port}} > somefile.txt`

pages/common/nmap.md

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+# nmap
+
+> Network exploration tool and security / port scanner
+
+- scan open ports of a single host
+
+`nmap {{192.168.0.1}}`
+
+- discover hosts in the 192.168.0.X area (no port scan)
+
+`nmap -sn {{192.168.0.1/24}}`

pages/common/npm.md

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+# npm
+
+> Node package manager, to manage Node.js projects and install module dependencies.
+
+- Create a new project in the current folder
+
+`npm init`
+
+- Download all dependencies referenced in package.json
+
+`npm install`
+
+- Download a given dependency, and add it to the package.json
+
+`npm install {{module_name}}@{{version}} --save`
+
+- Set the version of the current project
+
+`npm version {{1.2.3}}`
+
+- Publish the current project
+
+`npm publish`

pages/common/passwd.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#passwd
+
+> passwd is a tool used to change a user's password.
+
+* Change the password of the current user
+
+`passwd {{new password}}`
+
+* Change the password of the specified user
+
+`passwd {{username}} {{new password}}`
+
+* Get the current statuts of the user
+
+`passwd -S`
+
+* Make the password of the account blank (it will set the named account passwordless)
+
+`passwd -d`

pages/common/pgrep.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# pgrep
+
+> Find or signal process by name
+
+- return PIDs of any running processes with a matching command string 
+
+`pgrep {{Finder}}`
+
+- case insensitive greping
+
+`pgrep -i {{fireFOx}}`
+
+- search full command line with parameters instead of just the process name
+
+`pgrep -f "{{ssh root}}"`
+
+- search for process run by a specific user
+
+`pgrep -u root {{firefox}}`
+
+- kill all processes which match
+
+`pkill -9 {{Finder}}`

pages/common/php.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# php
+
+> PHP Command Line Interface 'CLI'
+
+- Parse and execute a file
+
+`php {{file}}`
+
+- Check syntax (lint)
+
+`php -l {{file}}`
+
+- Run PHP interactively
+
+`php -a`
+
+- Run PHP code. Notes: a) Don't use <? ?> tags; b) Escape double quotes with backslash
+
+`php -r "{{code}}"`

pages/common/ping.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# ping
+
+> send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
+
+- Ping host
+
+`ping {{host}}`
+
+- Ping host limiting the number of packages to be send to four
+
+`ping -c 4 {{host}}`
+
+- Ping host, waiting for 0.5 s between each request (default is 1 s)
+
+`ping -i 0.5 {{host}}`

pages/common/pip.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# pip
+
+> Python package manager
+
+- Install a package
+
+`pip install {{somepackage}}`
+
+- Upgrade a package
+
+`pip install -U {{somepackage}}`
+
+- Uninstall a package
+
+`pip uninstall {{somepackage}}`
+
+- Save installed packages to file
+
+`pip freeze > {{requirements.txt}}`
+
+- Install packages from file
+
+`pip install -r {{requirements.txt}}`

pages/common/ps.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# ps
+
+> Information about running processes
+
+- list all running processes
+
+`ps aux`
+
+- list all running processes including the full command string
+
+`ps auxww`

pages/common/redis-cli.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# redis-cli
+
+> Opens a connection to a Redis server
+
+- Connect to the local server
+
+`redis-cli`
+
+- Connect to a remote server
+
+`redis-cli -h {{host}}`
+`redis-cli -h {{host}} -p {{port}}`
+
+- Specify a password
+
+`redis-cli -a {{password}}`
+
+- Executes Redis command
+
+`redis-cli {{redis command}}`

pages/common/rename.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# rename
+
+> renames multiple files
+
+- Change foo to bar in matching files
+
+`rename {{'s/foo/bar/'}} {{*.txt}}`
+
+- Convert to lower case
+
+`rename -c {{*.txt}}`
+
+- Replace whitespace with underscores
+
+`rename --nows {{*.txt}}`

pages/common/rm.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# rm
+
+> Remove files or directories
+
+- Remove files from arbitrary locations
+
+`rm {{/path/to/file}} {{/otherpath/to/file2}}`
+
+- Remove recursively a directory and all it's subdirectories
+
+`rm -r {{/path/to/folder}}`
+
+- Prompt before every removal
+
+`rm -i {{\*}}`

pages/common/rmdir.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# rmdir
+
+> Removes a directory
+
+- removes directory, provided it is empty. Use `rm` to remove not empty directories.
+
+`rmdir {{directory}}`
+
+- removes directories recursively (useful for nested dirs)
+
+`rmdir -p {{path}}`

pages/common/rsync.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# rsync
+
+> Transfers a file either to or from a remote host
+> Does not allow transfer between two remote hosts
+> Can transfer single files or files matched by pattern
+
+- transfer file from local to remote host
+
+`rsync {{path_to_file}} {{remote_host_name}}:{{remote_host_location}}`
+
+- transfer file from remote host to local
+
+`rsync {{remote_host_name}}:{{remote_file_location}} {{local_file_location}}`
+
+- transfer all *.js files in current directory to host 'devbox' as user 'mike'
+
+`rsync *.js mike@devbox:~/projects/cakeStore/styles/`
+
+- transfer a directory and all its children from a remote to local
+
+`rsync -r mike@devbox:~/projects/cakeStore /Users/mike/devProjects/`

pages/common/scp.md

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# scp
+
+> Copies files between hosts on a network
+> Works over a secure connection (SSH)
+
+- upload a file, or upload and rename a file
+
+`scp {{/local/file.txt}} {{10.0.0.1}}:{{/remote/path/}}`
+`scp {{/local/file.txt}} {{10.0.0.1}}:{{/remote/path/newname.txt}}`
+
+- download a file
+
+`scp {{10.0.0.1}}:{{/remote/path/file.txt}} {{/local/folder}}`
+
+- upload or download a directory
+
+`scp -r {{/local/folder}} {{10.0.0.1}}:{{/remote/path/}}`
+`scp -r {{10.0.0.1}}:{{/remote/path}} {{/local/folder}}`
+
+- specify username on host
+
+`scp {{/local/file.txt}} {{my_user}}@{{10.0.0.1}}:{{/remote/path}}`
+
+- copy a file from one host to another
+
+`scp {{10.0.0.1}}:{{/remote/path/file.txt}} {{20.0.0.2}}:{{/other/remote/path}}`

pages/common/screen.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# screen
+
+> Hold a session open on a remote server. Manage multiple windows with a single SSH connection.
+
+-  Start a new screen session
+
+`screen`
+
+- Show open screen sessions
+
+`screen -ls`
+
+- Reattach to an open screen
+
+`screen -r {{screen id}}`
+
+- Detach from inside a screen
+
+`ctrl+A D`
+

pages/common/sed.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# sed
+
+> Run replacements based on regular expressions
+
+- replace all occurrences of a string in a file, and print the result
+
+`sed 's/{{find}}/{{replace}}/g' {{filename}}`
+
+- replace all occurrences of a string in a file, and overwrite the file
+  contents
+
+`sed -i '' 's/{{find}}/{{replace}}/g' {{filename}}`
+
+- replace all occurrences of an extended regular expression in a file
+
+`sed -E 's/{{regex}}/{{replace}}/g' {{filename}}`

pages/common/sort.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# sort
+
+> sort lines of text files
+
+- Sort a file in ascending order
+
+`sort {{filename}}`
+
+- Sort a file in descending order
+
+`sort -r {{filename}}`
+
+- Sort passwd file by the 3rd field
+
+`sort -t: -k 3n /etc/passwd `

pages/common/srm.md

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# srm
+
+> Securely remove files or directories
+> Overwrites the existing data one or multiple. Drop in replacement for rm.
+
+- Removes a file after overwriting (single pass, 7 pass, 35 pass)
+
+`srm -s {{/path/to/file}}`
+`srm -m {{/path/to/file}}`
+`srm {{/path/to/file}}`
+
+- Scurely remove recursively a directory and all it's subdirectories
+
+`srm -r {{/path/to/folder}}`
+
+- Prompt before every removal
+
+`srm -i {{\*}}`

pages/common/ssh.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# SSH
+
+> Secure Shell is a protocol used to securely log onto remote systems.
+> It can be used for logging or executing commands on a remote server.
+
+- connecting to a remote server
+
+`ssh {{username}}@{{remote_host}}`
+
+- connecting to a remote server with a specific identity (private key)
+
+`ssh -i {{/path/to/key_file}} {{username}}@{{remote_host}}`
+
+- connecting to a remote server with specific port
+
+`ssh {{username}}@{{remote_host}} -p {{2222}}`
+
+- run a command on a remote server
+ 
+`ssh {{remote_host}} "{{command -with -flags}}"`
+
+- ssh tunneling: dynamic port forwarding (SOCKS proxy on localhost:9999) 
+
+`ssh -D {{9999}} -C {{username}}@{{remote_host}}`
+
+- ssh tunneling: forward a specific port (localhost:9999 to slashdot.org:80)
+
+`ssh -L {{9999}}:slashdot.org:80 {{username}}@{{remote_host}}`

pages/common/svn.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# svn
+
+> Subversion command line client tool
+
+-  Check out a working copy from a repository
+
+`svn co {{url/to/repository}}`
+
+- Bring changes from the repository into the working copy
+
+`svn up`
+
+- Put files and directories under version control, scheduling them for addition to repository. They will be added in next commit.
+
+`svn add PATH...`
+
+- Send changes from your working copy to the repository
+
+`svn ci -m {{commit log message}} {{[PATH...]}}` 
+
+- Show detailed help
+
+`svn help`

pages/common/tail.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# tail
+
+> Display the last part of a file
+
+- show last 'num' lines in file
+
+`tail -n {{num}} {{file}}`
+
+- show last 'num' bytes in file
+
+`tail -c {{num}} {{file}}`
+
+- keep reading file until ctrl-c
+
+`tail -f {{file}}`

pages/common/tar.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# tar
+
+> Archiving utility
+> Optional compression with gzip / bzip
+
+- create an archive from files
+
+`tar cf {{target.tar}} {{file1 file2 file3}}`
+
+- create a gzipped archive
+
+`tar czf {{target.tar.gz}} {{file1 file2 file3}}`
+
+- extract an archive in a target folder
+
+`tar xf {{source.tar}} -C {{folder}}`
+
+- extract a gzipped archive in the current directory
+
+`tar xzf {{source.tar.gz}}`

pages/common/tcpdump.md

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# tcpdump
+
+> Dump traffic on a network
+
+- capture the traffic of a specific interface
+
+`tcpdump -i {{eth0}}`
+
+- capture all TCP traffic showing contents (ASCII) in console
+
+`tcpdump -A tcp`
+
+- capture the traffic from or to a host
+
+`tcpdump host {{www.example.com}}`
+
+- capture the traffic from a specific interface, source, destination and port
+
+`tcpdump -i {{eth0}} src {{192.168.1.1}} dest {{192.168.1.2}} and port 80`
+
+- capture the traffic of a network
+
+`tcpdump net {{192.168.1.0/24}}`
+

pages/common/telnet.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# telnet
+
+> telnet is used to connect to a specified port of a host
+
+- telnet to a certain port
+
+`telnet  {{ip_address}} {{port}}`
+
+- to exit a telnet session
+
+`quit`
+
+- default escape character
+
+`CTRL` + `]`
+
+- specify an escape character (x is the escape character)
+
+`telnet -e x {{ip_address}} {{port}}`

pages/common/tldr.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# tldr
+
+> Simplified man pages
+
+- get typical usages of a command
+- ps: this is how you got here :)
+
+`tldr {{command}}`

pages/common/touch.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# touch
+
+> Change a file access and modification times (atime, mtime)
+
+- Create a new empty file(s) or change the times for existing file(s) to current time.`
+
+`touch {{filename}}`
+
+- Set the times on a file to those specified 
+
+`touch -t 201412250801.59 {{filename}}
+`touch -t {{YYYYMMDDHHMM.SS}} {{filename}}
+
+- Set the times on a file to match those on second file
+
+`touch -r {{filename2}} {{filename}}`

pages/common/traceroute.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# traceroute
+
+> Print the route packets trace to network host
+
+- Traceroute to a host
+
+`traceroute {{host}}`
+
+- Disable IP address and host name mapping
+
+`traceroute -n {{host}}`
+
+- Specify wait time for response
+
+`traceroute -w 0.5 {{host}}`
+
+- Specify number of queries per hop
+
+`traceroute -q 5 {{host}}`

pages/common/umount.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# umount
+
+> Revokes access to an entire filesystem mounted to a directory.
+> A filesystem cannot be unmounted when it is busy.
+
+- Unmount a filesystem
+
+`umount {{path_to_device_file}}`
+
+- OR
+
+`umount {{path_to_mounted_directory}}`
+
+- Unmount all mounted filesystems (dangerous!)
+
+`umount -a`

pages/common/uname.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# uname
+
+> Print operating system name
+
+- Print all available operating system and kernel information
+
+`uname -a`
+
+- Print the current operating system name (e.g. Linux, Darwin, SunOS, etc)
+
+`uname -s`
+
+- Print the nodename (hostname) of the system
+
+`uname -n`

pages/common/unzip.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# unzip
+
+> Extract compressed files in a ZIP archive
+
+- extract zip file(s) (for multiple files, seperate file paths by spaces)
+
+`unzip {{file(s)}}`
+
+- extract zip files(s) to given path
+
+`unzip {{files(s)}} -d {{/path/to/put/extracted/files}}`
+
+- list the contents of a zip file without extracting
+
+`unzip -l {{file}}`

pages/common/wc.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# wc
+
+> Count words, bytes, or lines
+
+- count lines in file
+
+`wc -l {{file}}`
+
+- count bytes in file
+
+`wc -c {{file}}`
+
+- count characters in file (taking multi-byte character sets into account)
+
+`wc -m {{file}}`
+

pages/common/wget.md

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# wget
+
+> Download files from the Web
+> Supports HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP
+
+- Download a URL to a file
+
+`wget -O filename "{{url}}"`
+
+- Limit download speed
+
+`wget --limit-rate={{200k}} {{url}}`
+
+- Continue an incomplete download 
+
+`wget -c {{url}}`
+
+- Download a full website
+
+`wget --mirror -p --convert-links -P {{target_folder}} {{url}}`
+
+- FTP download with username and password
+
+`wget --ftp-user={{username}} --ftp-password={{password}} {{url}}`

pages/common/which.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# which
+
+> Locate the a program in the user's path
+
+- Display the path of an executable program
+
+`which {{ls}}`
+`which {{executable}}`
+
+- If there are multiple executables which match, display all 
+
+`which -a {{executable}}`

pages/common/zfs.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# zfs
+
+> Manage ZFS filesystems
+
+- List all available zfs filesystems
+
+`zfs list`
+
+- Create a new ZFS filesystem
+
+`zfs create poolname/newfsname`
+
+- Delete a ZFS filesystem
+
+`zfs destroy {{poolname/newfsname}}`
+
+- Create a Snapshot of a ZFS filesystem
+
+`zfs snapshot {{poolname/filesystem@snapshot-name}}`
+
+- Enable compression on a filesystem
+
+`zfs set compression=on {{poolname/fileystem}}`
+
+- Change mountpoint for a filesytem
+
+`zfs set mountpoint={{/my/mount/path}} {{poolname/filesystem}}`

pages/common/zip.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# zip
+
+> Package and compress (archive) files into zip file
+
+- package and compress multiple directories & files
+
+`zip -r {{compressed.zip}} {{/path/to/dir1 /path/to/dir2 /path/to/file}}`

pages/common/zpool.md

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# zpool
+
+> Manage ZFS pools
+
+- Show the configuration and status of all ZFS zpools
+
+`zpool status [{{poolname}}]`
+
+- Check a ZFS pool for errors (verifies the checksum of EVERY block). Very CPU and disk intensive.
+
+`zpool scrub {{poolname}}`
+
+- List zpools available for import
+
+`zpool import`
+
+- Import a zpool, optionally specifying a new name
+
+`zpool import {{poolname}}`
+`zpool import {{poolname}} {{newpoolname}}`
+
+- Export a zpool (unmount all filesystems)
+
+`zpool export {{poolname}}`
+
+- Show the history of all pool operations
+
+`zpool histrory {{poolname}}`
+
+- Create a mirrored pool. 
+
+`zpool create {{poolname}} mirror {{disk1}} {{disk2}}`
+`zpool create {{poolname}} mirror {{disk1}} {{disk2}} mirror {{disk3}} {{disk4}}`

pages/linux/apt-get.md

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# apt-get
+
+> Debian and Ubuntu package management utility
+
+- Synchronize list of packages and versions available. This should be run first, before running subsequent apt-get commands.
+ 
+`apt-get update`
+
+- install a new package
+
+`apt-get install {{package}}`
+
+
+- remove a package
+ 
+`apt-get remove {{package}}`
+
+- Upgrade installed packages to newest available versions
+
+`apt-get upgrade`
+
+- Upgrade installed packages (like `apt-get upgrade`) including removing obsolete packages and installing additional packages to meet new package dependencies. 
+
+`apt-get dist-upgrade`

pages/linux/du.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# du
+
+> Estimate file space usage
+
+- get a sum of the total size of a file/folder in human readable units
+
+`du -sh {{file/directory}}`
+
+- list file sizes of a directory and any subdirectories in KB
+
+`du -k {{file/directory}}`
+
+- get recursively, individual file/folder sizes in human readable form
+
+`du -ah {{directory}}`
+
+- list the KB sizes of directories for N levels below the specified directory 
+
+`du --max-depth=1`

pages/linux/emerge.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# emerge
+
+> Gentoo Linux package manager utility
+
+- synchronize all packages
+
+`emerge --sync`
+
+- update all packages, including dependencies
+
+`emerge -uDNav @world`
+
+- resume a failed updated, skipping the failing package
+
+`emerge --resume --skipfirst`
+
+- install a new package, with confirmation
+
+`emerge -av {{package-name}}`
+
+- remove a package, with confirmation
+
+`emerge -Cav {{package-name}}`
+
+- remove orphaned packages (that were installed only as dependencies)
+
+`emerge -avc`
+
+- search the package database for a keyword
+
+`emerge -S {{keyword}}`

pages/linux/findmnt.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# findmnt
+
+> Find your filesystem
+
+- List all mounted filesystems
+
+`findmnt`
+
+- Search for a device
+
+`findmnt {{/dev/sdb1}}`
+
+- Search for a mountpoint
+
+`findmnt {{/}}`
+
+- Find filesystems in specific type
+
+`findmnt -t {{ext4}}`
+
+- Find filesystems with specific label
+
+`findmnt LABEL={{BigStorage}}`

pages/linux/ip.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# ip
+
+> Show / manipulate routing, devices, policy routing and tunnels
+
+- List interfaces with detailed info
+
+`ip a`
+
+- Display the routing table
+
+`ip r`
+
+- Make an interface up/down 
+
+`ip link set {{interface}} up/down`
+
+- Add/Delete an ip address to an interface
+
+`ip addr add/del {{ip}}/{{mask}} dev {{interface}}`
+
+- Add an default route
+
+`ip route add default via {{ip}} dev {{interface}}`

pages/linux/journalctl.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# journalctl
+
+> Query the systemd journal
+
+- Show all messages from this boot
+
+`journalctl -b`
+
+- Show all messages from last boot
+
+`journalctl -b -1`
+
+- Follow new messages (like `tail -f` for traditional syslog)
+
+`journalctl -f`
+
+- Show all messages by a specific unit
+
+`journalctl -u {{unit}}`
+
+- Show all messages by a specific process
+
+`journalctl _PID={{pid}}`
+
+- Show all messages by a specific executable
+
+`journalctl {{/path/to/executable}}`

pages/linux/md5sum.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# md5sum
+
+> Calculate MD5 cryptographic checksums
+
+- Calculate the MD5 checksum for file(s) or files in a directory, one checksum per file
+
+`md5sum {{filename1}}`
+`md5sum {{filename1}} {{filename2}}`
+`md5sum {{directory/\*}}`
+
+- Read a file of MD5SUMs and verify all files have matching checksums
+
+`md5sum -c {{filename.md5}}`

pages/linux/pacman.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# pacman
+
+> Arch Linux package manager utility
+
+- synchronize and update all packages
+ 
+`pacman -Syyu`
+
+- install a new package
+
+`pacman -S package-name`
+
+- remove a package and its dependencies
+ 
+`pacman -Rs package-name`
+
+- search the package database for a keyword
+
+`pacman -Ss icon theme`
+
+- list installed packages and versions
+
+`pacman -Q`

pages/linux/shutdown.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# shutdown
+
+> Shutdown and reboot the system
+
+- Power off (halt) immediately
+
+`shutdown -h now`
+
+- Reboot immediately
+
+`shutdown -r now`
+
+- Reboot in 5 minutes
+
+`shutdown -r +{{5}} &`
+
+- Cancel a pending shutdown/reboot operation
+
+`shutdown -c`

pages/linux/ss.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# ss
+
+> Utility to investigate sockets
+
+- Dump all TCP/UDP/RAW/UNIX sockets
+
+`ss -a {{-t/-u/-w/-x}}`
+
+- Show process(es) that using socket
+
+`ss -p`
+
+- Filter TCP sockets by states, only/exclude
+
+`ss {{state/exclude}} {{bucket/big/connected/synchronized/...}}`
+
+- Filter sockets by address and/or port
+
+`ss -t dst 1.2.3.4:80`
+`ss -u src 127/8`
+`ss -t 'dport >= :1024'`
+`ss -x "src /tmp/.X11-unix/*"`
+`ss -t state established '( dport = :ssh or sport = :ssh )'`
+
+- Only list IPv4 or IPv6 sockets
+
+`ss {{-4/-6}}`

pages/linux/systemctl.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# systemctl
+
+> Control the systemd system and service manager
+
+- List failed units
+
+`systemctl --failed`
+
+- Start/Stop/Restart a service
+
+`systemctl start/stop/restart {{unit}}`
+
+- Show the status of a unit
+
+`systemctl status {{unit}}`
+
+- Enable/Disable a unit to be started on bootup
+
+`systemctl enable/disable {{unit}}`
+
+- Reload systemd, scanning for new or changed units
+
+`systemctl daemon-reload`

pages/osx/airport.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Airport
+
+> Airport utility
+
+- Create a symlink so you can easily run 'airport' without specifying a path.
+
+`sudo ln -s /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport /usr/sbin/airport`
+
+- Scan for available wireless networks
+
+`airport -s`
+
+- Disassociate from current airport network
+
+`sudo airport -z`

pages/osx/brew.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# brew
+
+> Package manager for OS X
+
+- Search formula
+
+`brew search {{text}}`
+
+- Install formula
+
+`brew install {{formula}}`
+
+- List installed formulae [with matching name]
+
+`brew list {{[text]}}`
+
+- Get latest version of installed formula (passing no formula updates all installed formulae)
+
+`brew upgrade {{[formula]}}`
+
+- Update brew
+
+`brew update`
+
+- Switch version of formula
+
+`brew switch {{formula}} {{version}}`

pages/osx/caffeinate.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# caffeinate
+
+> Prevent a system from sleeping
+
+- Prevent mac from sleeping for 1 hour (3600 seconds)
+
+`caffeinate -u -t 3600`
+
+- Prevent mac from sleeping until a command completes
+
+`caffeinate -s {{command}}`
+
+

pages/osx/diskutil.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# diskutil
+
+> Utility to manage local disks and volumes
+
+- List all currently available disks, partitions and mounted volumes.
+
+`diskutil list`
+
+- Repair permissions on a volume
+
+`diskutil repairPermissions {{/Volumes/Name}}`
+
+- Repair the file system data structures of a volume
+
+`diskutil repairVolume {{/dev/diskX}}`
+
+- Unmount a volume
+
+`diskutil unmountDisk {{/dev/diskX}}`
+
+- Eject a CD/DVD (unmount first)
+
+`diskutil eject {{/dev/disk1}}`

pages/osx/drutil.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# drutil
+
+> Interact with DVD burners
+
+- Eject a disk from the drive
+
+`drutil eject`
+
+- Burn a folder as an ISO9660 filesystem onto a DVD. Don't verify and eject when complete.
+
+`drutil burn -noverify -eject -iso9660`
+

pages/osx/du.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# du
+
+> Estimate file space usage
+
+- get a sum of the total size of a file/folder in human readable units
+
+`du -sh {{file/directory}}`
+
+- list file sizes of a directory and any subdirectories in KB
+
+`du -k {{file/directory}}`
+
+- get recursively, individual file/folder sizes in human readable form
+
+`du -ah {{directory}}`
+
+- list the KB sizes of directories for N levels below the specified directory 
+
+`du -k -depth=1 {{directory}}`

pages/osx/md5.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# md5
+
+> Calculate MD5 cryptographic checksums
+
+- Calculate the MD5 checksum for file(s) or files in a directory, one checksum per file
+
+`md5 {{filename1}}`
+`md5 {{filename1}} {{filename2}}`
+`md5 {{directory/\*}}`
+
+- Output only the md5 checksum (no filename)
+
+`md5 -q {{filename}}`

pages/osx/networksetup.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# networksetup
+
+> Configuration tool for Network System Preferences
+
+- List available network service providers (Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc)
+
+`networksetup -listallnetworkservices`
+
+- Show network settings for a particular networking device
+
+`networksetup -getinfo {{"Wi-Fi"}}`
+
+- Get currently connected Wi-Fi network name (Wi-Fi device usually en0 or en1)
+
+`networksetup -getairportnetwork {{en0}}`
+
+- Connect to a particular Wi-Fi network
+
+`networksetup -setairportnetwork {{en0}} {{"Airport Network SSID"}} {{password}}`

pages/osx/open.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# open
+
+> Opens files, directories and applications
+
+- Open a file with the associated application
+
+`open filename.ext`
+
+- Run a graphical MacOSX application
+
+`open /Applications/iTunes.app`
+
+- Open the current directory in Finder
+
+`open .`
+
+- Reveal a file in finder
+
+`open -R /path/dir/file`
+
+- Open all the word docs in the current directory with Microsoft Word
+
+`open *.doc`

pages/osx/pbcopy.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# pbcopy
+
+> Place standard output in the clipboard
+
+- Place the contents of a file in the clipboard.
+
+`pbcopy < {{file}}`
+
+- Place the results of a command in the clipboard
+
+`find . -type t -name "*.png" | pbcopy`
+

pages/osx/pbpaste.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# pbpaste
+
+> Send the contents of the clipboard to standard output
+
+- Write the contents of the clipboard to a file.
+
+`pbpaste > {{file}}`
+
+- Use the contents of the clipboard as input to a command.
+
+`pbpaste | grep foo`
+

pages/osx/qlmanage.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# qlmanage
+
+> QuickLook server tool
+
+- displays QuickLook for one or multiple files
+
+`quicklook -p {{filename}} {{filename2}}`
+
+- Compute 300px wide PNG thumbnails of all JPEGs in the current directory and put them in a directory.
+
+`quicklook *.jpg -t -s 300 {{/existing//thumbnail/directory}}`

pages/osx/say.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# say
+
+> Uses text to speech to speak through the default sound device
+
+- Speak a phrase aloud
+
+`say "I like to ride my bike."`
+
+- Speak a file aloud
+
+`say -f {{filename}}`
+
+- Create an AAC compressed audio file with the spoken text
+
+`say -o {{filename.m4a}} "Everyone loves iTunes"`
+
+- List the available voices
+
+`say -v '?'`

pages/osx/shutdown.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# shutdown
+
+> Shutdown and reboot the system
+
+- Power off (halt) immediately
+
+`shutdown -h now`
+
+- Sleep immediately
+
+`shutdown -s now`
+
+- Reboot immediately
+
+`shutdown -r now`
+
+- Reboot in 5 minutes
+
+`shutdown -r +{{5}}`

pages/osx/sw_vers.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# sw_vers
+
+> Print Mac OSX Software versioning information
+
+- Print OSX Version
+
+`sw_vers -productVersion`
+
+- Print OSX Build
+
+`sw_vers -buildVersion`
+

pages/osx/sysctl.md

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# sysctl
+
+> Access kernel state information
+
+- Show all available variables and their values
+
+`sysctl -a`
+
+- Show Apple model identifier
+
+`sysctl -n hw.model`
+
+- Show CPU model
+
+`sysctl -n machdep.cpu.brand_string`
+
+- Show available CPU features (MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, AES, etc)
+
+`sysctl -n machdep.cpu.feature`
+
+- Set a changeable kernel state variable 
+
+`sysctl -w name=value`
+`sysctl -w kern.maxfiles=15000`

pages/osx/system_profiler.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# system_profiler
+
+> Report system hardware and software configuration
+
+- Display a full system profiler report which can be opened by System Profiler.app
+
+`system_profiler -xml > MyReport.spx`
+
+- Display a hardware overview (Model, CPU, Memory, Serial, etc)
+
+`system_profiler SPHardwareDataType`
+
+- Print the system serial number
+
+`system_profiler SPHardwareDataType|grep "Serial Number (system)" |awk '{print $4}'`

pages/osx/systemsetup.md

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# systemsetup
+
+> Configure System Preferences machine settings
+
+- Enable remote login (SSH)
+
+`systemsetup -setremotelogin on`
+
+- Specify TimeZone, NTP Server and enable network time
+
+`systemsetup -settimezone {{US/Pacific}}`
+`systemsetup -setnetworktimeserver {{us.pool.ntp.org}}`
+`systemsetup -setusingnetworktime on`
+
+- Make the machine never sleep; restart on freeze & power failure
+
+`systemsetup -setsleep off`
+`systemsetup -setrestartpowerfailure on`
+`systemsetup -setrestartfreeze on`
+
+- List valid startup disks, specify a new startup disk
+
+`systemsetup -liststartupdisks`
+`systemsetup -setstartupdisk {{path}}`

pages/osx/xed.md

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+# xed
+
+> Opens files for editing in XCode
+
+- Open file(s) in XCode
+
+`xed {{file1}}`
+`xed {{/path/to/file1}} {{/path/to/file2}}`
+
+- Open file(s) in XCode, create if it doesn't exist
+
+`xed -c {{filename1}}`
+
+- Open a file in XCode and jump to line number 75
+
+`xed -l 75 {{filename}}`

pages/sunos/prctl.md

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+# prctl
+
+> Get or set the resource controls of running processes,
+> tasks, and projects
+
+- examine process limits and permissions
+
+`prctl {{PID}}`
+
+- examine process limits and permissions in machine parseable format
+
+`prctl -P {{PID}}`
+
+- Get specific limit for a running process
+
+`prctl -n process.max-file-descriptor {{PID}}`

pages/sunos/prstat.md

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+# prstat
+
+> Report active process statistics
+
+- examine all processes and reports statistics sorted by CPU usage
+
+`prstat`
+
+- examine all processes and reports statistics sorted by memory usage
+
+`prstat -s rss`
+
+- report total usage summary for each user
+
+`prstat -t`
+
+- report microstate process accounting information
+
+`prstat -m`
+
+- Print out a list of top 5 cpu using processes every second.
+
+`prstat -c -n 5 -s cpu 1`

pages/sunos/svcadm.md

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+# svcadm
+
+> Manipulate service instances
+
+- enable a service in the service database
+
+`svcadm enable {{service_name}}`
+
+- disable service
+
+`svcadm disable {{service_name}}`
+
+- restart a running service
+
+`svcadm restart {{service_name}}`
+
+- command service to re-read configuration files
+
+`svcadm refresh {{service_name}}`
+
+- clear a service from maintenance state and command it to start
+
+`svcadm clear {{service_name}}`

pages/sunos/svccfg.md

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+# svccfg
+
+> Import, export, and modify service configurations
+
+- validate configuration file
+
+`svccfg validate {{smf.xml}}`
+
+- export service configurations to file
+
+`svccfg export {{servicename}} > {{smf.xml}}`
+
+- import/update service configurations from file.
+
+`svccfg import {{smf.xml}}`

pages/sunos/svcs.md

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+# svcs
+
+> List information about running services
+
+- list all running services
+
+`svcs`
+
+- list services that are not running
+
+`svcs -vx`
+
+- list information about a service
+
+`svcs apache`
+
+- show location of service log file
+
+`svcs -L apache`
+
+- display end of a service log file
+
+`tail $(svcs -L apache)`